**Question:** Angioid streaks are seen in which condition?

A. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
B. Diabetes mellitus
C. Glaucoma
D. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

**Core Concept:** Angioid streaks are a rare finding in retinal imaging, characterized by linear irregularities in the choroid, extending from the optic disc to the periphery. They are often accompanied by Bruch's membrane ruptures and may lead to choroidal neovascularization, a complication associated with these lesions.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Angioid streaks are predominantly seen in patients suffering from Disseminated Arteritis (DA) and are commonly associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In SLE, the immune system attacks the body's own tissues, including the blood vessels, leading to the formation of angioid streaks. This condition is also known as Disseminated Arteritis, as it is characterized by widespread inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of vision loss among the elderly, but it does not involve angioid streaks. Instead, AMD presents as geographic atrophy or exudative changes in the macula.

B. Diabetes mellitus (DM) does not directly cause angioid streaks. DM primarily affects small blood vessels, causing microaneurysms, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Angioid streaks are not a common complication of DM.

C. Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases characterized by optic nerve damage, leading to vision loss. Angioid streaks are not associated with glaucoma.

**Clinical Pearl:** Angioid streaks should be considered in the differential diagnosis when evaluating patients with vision loss and retinal hemorrhages. These patients may require systemic investigations, including lupus screen, to identify the underlying cause, which could lead to targeted management and prevention of further ocular complications.