Anatomical structure injured in excision of ranula
**Core Concept**
A ranula is a type of mucous cyst that occurs in the floor of the mouth, often resulting from a blockage of the sublingual gland or duct. Excision of a ranula involves surgical removal of the cyst, which requires careful dissection to avoid damaging surrounding anatomical structures.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct anatomical structure injured in excision of a ranula is the sublingual gland. The sublingual gland is a salivary gland located under the tongue, and it is often in close proximity to the ranula. During excision of a ranula, the surgeon must be cautious not to damage the sublingual gland, as this can lead to complications such as salivary gland dysfunction or fistula formation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Lingual nerve - While the lingual nerve is a nearby structure, it is not typically injured during excision of a ranula, as the surgical approach usually avoids this area.
* **Option B:** Hypoglossal nerve - The hypoglossal nerve is not typically at risk during excision of a ranula, as it is located more laterally in the neck.
* **Option C:** Submandibular gland - The submandibular gland is a different salivary gland located more laterally in the neck, and it is not typically injured during excision of a ranula.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When excising a ranula, it's essential to identify and preserve the sublingual gland to avoid postoperative complications. This can be achieved by careful dissection and identification of the gland's ducts and surrounding tissues.
**Correct Answer: C. Submandibular gland**