An HIV patient complains for visual disturbances fundal examination shows bilateral retinal exudates and perivascular hemorrhages. Which of the following viruses are most likely to be responsible for this retinitis :
Correct Answer: Cytomegalovirus
Description: Ophthalmologic manifestations of HIV infection
• The MC abnormal finding on fundus examination are “cotton wool spots”. They represent area of retinal ischemia secondary to microvascular disease. These lesions are not associated with visual loss.
• CMV Retinitis :
– MC cause of vision loss in AIDS patient.
– Usually occurs when CD-4 <50/ μ l.
– Usually present as painless progressive of vision, patient may also complain of floaters and scintillations.
– The characteristic appearance is that of perivascular hemorrhage and exudate.
– It may be complicated by rheumatogenous retinal detachment.
– Treatment - oral valganciclovir, IV ganciclovir - DOC
• Acute retinal necrosis syndrome = Progressive outer retinal necrosis (PORN) :
– Caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus.
– Associated with pain, keratopathy iritis.
– Ophthalmologic examination show widespread pale grey lesions.
– DOC is intravenous acyclovir.
• Other secondary infections include :
– P.carnii - Cause lesion of choroid.
– Toxoplasmosis - Cause chorioretinitis.
Category:
Medicine
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now