Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis diagnotic criteria are
**Core Concept**
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is a hypersensitivity reaction to Aspergillus species, typically Aspergillus fumigatus, in individuals with asthma or cystic fibrosis. This condition is characterized by an abnormal immune response, leading to airway inflammation, bronchiectasis, and impaired lung function.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The diagnostic criteria for ABPA include:
* **Central bronchiectasis** on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans
* **Elevated total serum IgE levels**
* **Positive Aspergillus fumigatus precipitins** (IgG and/or IgM) in the serum
* **Peripheral eosinophilia** (eosinophil count > 500 cells/μL)
* **Clinical history** of asthma or cystic fibrosis
* **Fungal sputum culture** or **Aspergillus DNA** detection in respiratory samples
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not include central bronchiectasis, a key radiographic feature of ABPA.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not mention the importance of Aspergillus fumigatus precipitins in the diagnosis of ABPA.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it does not include peripheral eosinophilia, which is a common finding in patients with ABPA.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Remember the "5 A's" of ABPA diagnosis: Asthma, Aspergillus precipitins, Airway hyperresponsiveness, Abnormal chest radiograph, and Allergic eosinophilia.
**Correct Answer:** A. Central bronchiectasis, elevated total serum IgE, positive Aspergillus fumigatus precipitins, peripheral eosinophilia, clinical history of asthma or cystic fibrosis, and fungal sputum culture or Aspergillus DNA detection in respiratory samples.