All the following are associated with Turner&;s syndrome except
**Core Concept**
Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects females, characterized by the partial or complete absence of one X chromosome. It is associated with various physical and developmental abnormalities. The condition is often diagnosed during fetal development or early childhood.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Turner syndrome is associated with a range of clinical features, including short stature, heart defects, and ovarian dysgenesis. The condition is often linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve. Additionally, individuals with Turner syndrome are at higher risk of developing autoimmune disorders, such as Hashimoto thyroiditis.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Infertility is actually a common feature of Turner syndrome, often due to ovarian dysgenesis and premature ovarian failure. Individuals with Turner syndrome may require assisted reproductive technologies to conceive.
**Option B:** Coarctation of the aorta is a well-documented cardiovascular abnormality associated with Turner syndrome. This condition involves a narrowing of the aortic isthmus, leading to hypertension and potential cardiac complications.
**Option C:** Bicuspid aortic valve is another cardiovascular abnormality commonly linked to Turner syndrome. This condition involves an abnormality of the aortic valve, where instead of three cusps, the valve has only two.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential for clinicians to be aware of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with Turner syndrome. Regular echocardiographic screening and monitoring are recommended to detect and manage potential cardiovascular complications.
**Correct Answer: D. Infertility is actually a common feature of Turner syndrome, often due to ovarian dysgenesis and premature ovarian failure.**