All of the following are used in organophosphorus poisoning except
Correct Answer: Naltrexone
Description: Refer kDT 7/e p 110,111 Pharmacologic Treatment Atropine - The endpoint for atropine is dried pulmonary secretions and adequate oxygenation. Tachycardia and mydriasis must not be used to limit or to stop subsequent doses of atropine. The main concern with OP toxicity is respiratory failure from excessive airway secretions. Sta with a 1-2 mg IV bolus, repeat q3-5min prn for desire effects (drying of pulmonary secretions and adequate oxygenation). Consider doubling each subsequent dose for rapid control of patients in severe respiratory distress. An atropine drip titrated to the above endpoints can be initiated until the patient's condition is stabilized. Pralidoxime - Nucleophilic agent that reactivates the phosphorylated AChE by binding to the OP molecule. Used as an antidote to reverse muscle paralysis resulting from OP AChE pesticide poisoning but is not effective once the OP compound has bound AChE irreversibly (aged). Current recommendation is administration within 48 h of OP poisoning. Because it does not significantly relieve depression of respiratory center or decrease muscarinic effects of AChE poisoning, administer atropine concomitantly to block these effects of OP poisoning. Sta with 1-2 g (20-40 mg/kg) IV in 100 mL isotonic sodium chloride over 15-30 min; repeat in 1 h if muscle weakness is not relieved; then repeat q3-8h if signs of poisoning recur; other dosing regimens have been used, including continuous drip.
Category:
Pharmacology
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