All of the following are true about japanese encephalitis except –
**Japanese Encephalitis (JE) Core Concept**
Japanese encephalitis is a viral disease caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Culex mosquito. This mosquito-borne flavivirus affects the central nervous system, leading to inflammation of the brain (encephalitis).
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
JEV is transmitted through the bite of an infected Culex mosquito, which acquires the virus by feeding on infected birds, pigs, or other mammals. The virus then replicates in the mosquito's salivary glands and is transmitted to humans through a bite. The incubation period of JE ranges from 5-15 days, after which symptoms such as fever, headache, and vomiting may occur, followed by severe neurological symptoms like seizures, coma, and death.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because Japanese encephalitis is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Culex mosquito, not through tick bites.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because Japanese encephalitis is not transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated food, but rather through the bite of an infected mosquito.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because Japanese encephalitis is not a waterborne disease, but rather a vector-borne disease transmitted through mosquito bites.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The Japanese encephalitis vaccine is a crucial tool in preventing this disease, particularly in high-risk areas. The vaccine is most effective when administered in a 2-dose series, providing protection against JE for up to 3 years.
**Correct Answer: A. This option is incorrect because Japanese encephalitis is primarily transmitted through the bite of an infected Culex mosquito, not through tick bites.**