All of the following are schneider first symptoms except –
**Core Concept**
Schneider's First-Rank Symptoms (FRS) are a set of criteria developed by Kurt Schneider in 1959 to identify schizophrenia. These symptoms are considered to be highly suggestive of schizophrenia, but not pathognomonic. FRS include hallucinations, delusions, thought insertion, and other experiences that are perceived as being outside of the individual's control.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Schneider's First-Rank Symptoms are a collection of specific symptoms that are considered to be indicative of schizophrenia. These symptoms include:
- **Hearing one's thoughts spoken aloud** (thought echo or thought broadcast)
- **Hearing voices commenting on one's actions** (voice commenting)
- **Hearing voices arguing with each other** (voice debate)
- **Hearing voices giving a running commentary on one's actions** (running commentary)
- **Experiencing one's thoughts or feelings as being inserted or withdrawn** (thought insertion or withdrawal)
- **Experiencing a sense of presence or being watched** (presence or being watched)
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Not specified (no information available)
* **Option B:** Not specified (no information available)
* **Option C:** Not specified (no information available)
* **Option D:** Not specified (no information available)
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Schneider's First-Rank Symptoms are not diagnostic of schizophrenia, but they are highly suggestive of the disorder. A diagnosis of schizophrenia requires the presence of at least two of the following symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms.
**Correct Answer: Not specified (no information available)**