All of the following are potentially cured by chemotherapy except –
**Core Concept**
Hodgkin lymphoma and certain types of leukemia are considered potentially curable with chemotherapy, whereas other malignancies are not. This distinction is based on the underlying biology and responsiveness of the cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Chemotherapy is effective in curing Hodgkin lymphoma due to its radiosensitivity and the ability of chemotherapeutic agents to target rapidly dividing lymphoma cells. In contrast, many solid tumors are resistant to chemotherapy, making them less likely to be cured with this modality. This is often due to the presence of cancer stem cells, which are more resistant to chemotherapy and can lead to recurrence.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a type of leukemia that is considered potentially curable with chemotherapy, especially in children. Therefore, this option is incorrect because ALL is indeed curable with chemotherapy.
**Option B:** Hodgkin lymphoma is a type of lymphoma that is known to be potentially curable with chemotherapy, making this option incorrect.
**Option C:** Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a type of leukemia that is considered potentially curable with targeted therapy, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors, in addition to chemotherapy. Therefore, this option is incorrect because CML is not entirely resistant to chemotherapy.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that even in potentially curable cancers, chemotherapy is often used in combination with other modalities, such as radiation therapy and surgery, to achieve the best possible outcomes.
**Correct Answer: D.**