**Core Concept**
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by excessive loss of protein in the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. The loss of albumin and other proteins in the urine is due to increased permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome. In this condition, the loss of albumin and other proteins in the urine leads to decreased levels of these proteins in the blood. However, the levels of certain substances, such as lipoprotein lipase, are increased due to the loss of albumin, which normally binds to and inhibits this enzyme. This results in increased lipolysis and hyperlipidemia.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because the activity of lipoprotein lipase is actually increased in nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of albumin.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because the levels of ceruloplasmin are actually increased in nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of albumin, which normally binds to and inhibits the release of ceruloplasmin.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because the levels of transferrin are actually decreased in nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of protein in the urine.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In nephrotic syndrome, the loss of albumin leads to decreased levels of antithrombin III, which increases the risk of thrombosis.

**Correct Answer: C. Transferrin**