**Core Concept**
Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that have potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They exert their effects by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor, which then translocates to the nucleus to regulate gene expression. This leads to a wide range of physiological effects, including the suppression of the immune system, increased gluconeogenesis, and redistribution of body fat.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Glucocorticoids are known to cause a variety of adverse effects due to their widespread impact on various bodily systems. These include **hyperglycemia** due to increased gluconeogenesis, **hypokalemia** due to increased potassium excretion, **osteoporosis** due to bone resorption, and **hypertension** due to sodium retention and increased water reabsorption. Additionally, glucocorticoids can cause **cushingoid appearance**, including moon facies, buffalo hump, and striae.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because glucocorticoids are known to cause **hypokalemia**, not hyperkalemia. The increased excretion of potassium in the urine leads to decreased serum potassium levels.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because glucocorticoids are known to cause **osteoporosis**, not osteogenesis. The suppression of bone formation and increased bone resorption lead to decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because glucocorticoids are known to cause **hypertension**, not hypotension. The increased sodium retention and water reabsorption lead to increased blood pressure.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to monitor patients on long-term glucocorticoid therapy for adverse effects such as osteoporosis, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. Regular bone density scans, blood pressure monitoring, and glucose checks can help prevent these complications.

**Correct Answer: B. Osteogenesis**