All are true about whiplash injury except :
**Core Concept**
Whiplash injury is a type of neck strain caused by sudden acceleration-deceleration forces, often resulting from rear-end car collisions. It affects the cervical spine, neck muscles, and surrounding ligaments, leading to pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Whiplash injury typically involves the rapid extension of the neck, stretching or tearing the posterior ligaments and muscles, particularly the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles. This mechanism often results in damage to the facet joints, intervertebral discs, and the anterior longitudinal ligament. The injury can also cause cervical spondylosis, a degenerative condition affecting the cervical spine.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Whiplash injury often leads to acute cervical strain, which can cause pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion, but it is not typically associated with acute disc herniation or radiculopathy.
**Option B:** Whiplash injury can cause cervical spondylosis, a degenerative condition affecting the cervical spine, but it is not typically associated with spinal stenosis or osteoporosis.
**Option C:** Whiplash injury typically involves the rapid extension of the neck, stretching or tearing the posterior ligaments and muscles, rather than the flexion of the neck.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A mnemonic to remember the common symptoms of whiplash injury is "PQRST": Pain, limited range of motion, stiffness, tenderness, and neurological symptoms such as numbness or tingling.
**Correct Answer:** C.