**Core Concept**
Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) is an immune-complex mediated glomerulonephritis that occurs after streptococcal infection, typically pharyngitis or skin infections. The immune complexes formed from the deposition of streptococcal antigens and host antibodies trigger an inflammatory response in the glomeruli.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is one of the options that does not apply to PSGN. This condition is characterized by the presence of subepithelial humps on electron microscopy, which are immune complexes deposited on the glomerular basement membrane. The disease typically presents with hematuria, proteinuria, and hypertension, and often follows a streptococcal infection. The anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer is often elevated, indicating a recent streptococcal infection.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** PSGN can present with oliguria, which is a common manifestation of the disease due to the inflammatory response in the kidneys.
**Option B:** The disease is often associated with a low complement level, particularly C3, which is consumed during the formation of immune complexes.
**Option C:** PSGN is an immune-complex mediated disease, and the immune complexes deposited in the glomeruli trigger an inflammatory response.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
PSGN typically presents 1-3 weeks after a streptococcal infection, and the anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titer is often elevated during this period.
**Correct Answer:** D
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