All are true about cytomegalovirus except:
**Core Concept**
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a member of the herpesvirus family, which causes a persistent infection in humans. CMV infection can lead to various clinical manifestations, ranging from asymptomatic to severe disease, particularly in immunocompromised individuals.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
CMV is a significant pathogen in transplant recipients, causing graft rejection and other complications. It is also a leading cause of congenital infection, resulting in birth defects and developmental delays. CMV infection can reactivate from latency, leading to symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and organ dysfunction. The virus targets various cell types, including endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because CMV is not typically associated with the development of autoimmune disorders. While CMV infection can lead to immune modulation and dysregulation, it is not a primary cause of autoimmune diseases.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because CMV is not primarily transmitted through the air. While CMV can be shed in respiratory secretions, the primary mode of transmission is through close contact with infected bodily fluids, such as saliva, urine, and breast milk.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because CMV is not typically associated with the development of cancer. While CMV infection can lead to tumor progression and metastasis in certain contexts, it is not a primary oncogenic agent.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
CMV is a significant concern in organ transplantation, particularly when the donor is seropositive for CMV. To mitigate this risk, transplant centers often employ strategies such as CMV prophylaxis, serological screening, and monitoring for CMV reactivation.
**Correct Answer: A. This option is incorrect because CMV is not typically associated with the development of autoimmune disorders.**