All are the side effects of tacrolimus EXCEPT :
## Core Concept
Tacrolimus is a **calcineurin inhibitor** used primarily as an immunosuppressive drug to reduce the activity of the immune system and prevent organ rejection in patients who have received a liver, kidney, or heart transplant. It works by inhibiting the production of **interleukin-2 (IL-2)**, a critical cytokine involved in T-cell activation and proliferation. Side effects of tacrolimus can be significant and affect multiple organ systems.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer, , is not a recognized side effect of tacrolimus. Common side effects of tacrolimus include nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity (manifesting as tremors, seizures, or neuropathy), diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperkalemia. The other options listed are known side effects of tacrolimus.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
- **Option A:** is a known side effect of tacrolimus. Tacrolimus can cause nephrotoxicity, which may manifest as acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease.
- **Option B:** is a recognized side effect. Neurotoxicity, including tremors and seizures, is a well-documented adverse effect of tacrolimus.
- **Option D:** is also a side effect. Hyperglycemia leading to new-onset diabetes mellitus is a known complication of tacrolimus therapy.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key clinical pearl is that tacrolimus levels must be monitored closely due to its narrow therapeutic index. **Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)** of tacrolimus is crucial to balance efficacy with the risk of toxicity. High levels increase the risk of adverse effects, while low levels may lead to inadequate immunosuppression and graft rejection.
## Correct Answer Line
**Correct Answer: .**