## Core Concept
Sodium bicarbonate therapy is used in various clinical scenarios, including severe metabolic acidosis, certain poisonings (e.g., tricyclic antidepressants), and to manage specific electrocardiographic changes. The therapy aims to replenish bicarbonate stores and correct acid-base imbalance.

## Why the Correct Answer is Right
Sodium bicarbonate can lead to several complications and side effects, including:
- **Hypernatremia** due to the high sodium content.
- **Volume overload** because it is often administered in a volume of fluid.
- **Alkalosis** if not carefully titrated, leading to a rebound alkalosis.
- **Hypokalemia** as potassium shifts into cells in exchange for hydrogen ions.

## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
- **Option A:** Not specified, but if related to common effects like hypernatremia or alkalosis, these are indeed seen with sodium bicarbonate therapy.
- **Option B:** Similarly, not specified, but if related to known effects or uses, these would be relevant.
- **Option D:** Not specified, but presumably another effect or use.

## Why Option C is Correct (Implicit)
Given that the question asks for an exception and without specific details on A, B, or D, we infer that option is the one not typically associated with sodium bicarbonate therapy. A common side effect not listed but relevant to consider would be **paradoxical acidosis** in certain contexts (like severe lactic acidosis with tissue hypoperfusion), but more directly related to choices might include effects not directly caused by bicarbonate.

## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A critical point to remember is that sodium bicarbonate should be used cautiously and ideally guided by arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. It is especially crucial in managing severe metabolic acidosis or specific poisonings, where the benefits may outweigh the risks.

## Correct Answer: C.