All are examples of point mutation, except ?
**Core Concept**
Point mutations are single nucleotide changes in the DNA sequence that can result in changes to the amino acid sequence of a protein, leading to various physiological or pathological effects. These mutations can be further classified into different types, including missense, nonsense, and silent mutations.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is a type of point mutation that involves the substitution of a single nucleotide with another, leading to a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein. This type of mutation is often seen in genetic disorders, where a single nucleotide change can have a significant impact on the function of the protein.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of point mutation, specifically a missense mutation, where a single nucleotide change results in a change of the amino acid sequence of the protein.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of point mutation, specifically a nonsense mutation, where a single nucleotide change results in a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it is a type of point mutation, specifically a silent mutation, where a single nucleotide change does not result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that point mutations can have a significant impact on protein function, leading to various genetic disorders. A single nucleotide change can result in a change of the amino acid sequence of the protein, leading to a loss of function or a gain of function, depending on the type of mutation.
**Correct Answer:** D. Insertion/Deletion (indel) is not a type of point mutation, but rather a type of frameshift mutation, where the insertion or deletion of nucleotides results in a shift of the reading frame during translation.