**Core Concept**
The femoral artery is a common site for arterial access in angiography and other invasive vascular procedures. Dissection of the femoral artery is a potential complication that can occur following these procedures.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The femoral artery is dissected most commonly following arteriography by the femoral route due to the high-pressure injection of contrast media through the catheter. This can cause injury to the arterial wall, leading to dissection. The femoral artery is also a relatively superficial vessel, making it more susceptible to injury. The use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents can also increase the risk of dissection.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** The radial artery is not commonly dissected following arteriography by the femoral route, as it is a smaller vessel and less frequently used for arterial access.
* **Option B:** The axillary artery is not typically dissected following arteriography by the femoral route, as it is located more proximally in the arm and not directly related to the femoral access site.
* **Option C:** The popliteal artery is not commonly dissected following arteriography by the femoral route, as it is a more distal vessel and not directly related to the femoral access site.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The risk of femoral artery dissection can be minimized by using low-pressure injection of contrast media, avoiding high-pressure injections, and using appropriate anticoagulant and antiplatelet regimens.

**Correct Answer:** C. The iliofemoral artery is dissected most commonly following arteriography by the femoral route.