Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis occurs due to –
**Core Concept**
Acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC) is a highly contagious and self-limiting condition characterized by sudden onset of painful eyes, redness, and subconjunctival hemorrhages. This condition is often caused by viral infections, particularly enteroviruses, which lead to inflammation and bleeding in the conjunctiva.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **Enterovirus 70 (EV70) and Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v)**, which are highly contagious and specific to AHC. These viruses infect the conjunctiva, causing inflammation and subsequent bleeding, leading to the characteristic subconjunctival hemorrhages. EV70 and CA24v are the primary causative agents of AHC worldwide, with outbreaks often occurring in tropical and subtropical regions.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Adenovirus is a common cause of viral conjunctivitis but is not typically associated with AHC.
* **Option B:** Herpes simplex virus can cause keratoconjunctivitis, but it is not a primary cause of AHC.
* **Option C:** Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterium that causes inclusion conjunctivitis, not AHC.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that AHC is highly contagious and can spread rapidly in crowded areas, making it crucial to practice good hygiene and use personal protective equipment when caring for patients with this condition.
**Correct Answer:** C. Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CA24v) and Enterovirus 70 (EV70).