Acute corneal hydrops is seen in: September 2009
**Core Concept**
Acute corneal hydrops refers to a sudden onset of corneal edema in the setting of a pre-existing condition, typically keratoconus. This condition arises due to a tear in the Descemet's membrane, leading to the influx of aqueous humor into the corneal stroma.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with keratoconus, a progressive thinning and conical protrusion of the cornea. The condition leads to a weakening of the Descemet's membrane, which is a thin, fibrous layer of the cornea. This weakening increases the risk of a tear in the membrane, resulting in the sudden influx of aqueous humor into the corneal stroma, causing acute corneal hydrops.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Fuchs endothelial dystrophy is a condition characterized by a progressive loss of endothelial cells, leading to corneal edema. However, it is not typically associated with a sudden onset of acute corneal hydrops.
* **Option B:** Contact lens use can lead to corneal edema, but it is not a common cause of acute corneal hydrops.
* **Option C:** Trauma can cause corneal edema, but it is not typically associated with a pre-existing condition like keratoconus.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Keratoconus is a progressive condition that can lead to significant visual impairment if left untreated. Early detection and management are crucial to prevent further progression of the disease.
**Correct Answer:** D.