Following index measures average achievement in basic dimensions of human development
**Core Concept**
The question refers to the Human Development Index (HDI), a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The HDI is a widely accepted measure of a country's average achievement in basic dimensions of human development. It is calculated by combining three basic dimensions: a long and healthy life, knowledge, and a decent standard of living. The HDI is based on the following indicators:
* Life expectancy at birth (a long and healthy life)
* Expected years of schooling and mean years of schooling (knowledge)
* Gross National Income (GNI) per capita in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms (a decent standard of living)
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not correctly represent the HDI. While the HDI does take into account life expectancy, it also includes education and income indicators.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not a measure of human development. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is an indicator of a country's economic performance, but it does not capture the full range of human development.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The HDI is a useful tool for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to evaluate the overall well-being of a population and identify areas for improvement. It is also a useful measure for comparing the development progress of countries over time.
**Correct Answer: C. Human Development Index (HDI)**