A i.e. Initiation of transcription of the dystrophin gene would be affectedLet me rephrase this question to make it straight forward, and then the would be - what is the consequence of alteration (i.e. mutation) in promoter region?Promoter region of transcription unit is the poion of DNA having specific consensus sequences (like TATA box /CAAT box /GC box etc) which is identified by the RNA polymerase enzyme for binding and formation of preinitiation complex (PIC) inprokaryotes or RNA polymerase Il/pol II-transcription complex in eukaryotes - a process ultimately resulting in initiation of transcription.So this becomes very obvious, that any alteration/mutation/ damage in promoter would typically prevent formation of PIC or pol II transcription complex, resulting in a decrease in the initiation of m-RNA synthesis (transcription) l/t decreased protein synthesis. And similarly promoter induction would increase the transcription rateQ.Capping, tailing, termination and splicing are not associated with promoter and so are not a consequence of promoter mutations. However, capping & tailing defects can result in m RNA with decreased stability and splicing defects in mRNA in which to few or too many introns have been removed.