## **Core Concept**
A subcentre is the most peripheral and first contact point between the primary healthcare system and the community. It plays a crucial role in delivering basic healthcare services to rural and underserved populations. The population covered by a subcentre is a key aspect of its functioning.

## **Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer, **5,000 in plains and 3,000 in hilly, tribal, or backward areas**, reflects the standard norms for the population covered by a subcentre. This is as per the guidelines for the Indian healthcare system, where subcentres are designed to provide accessible healthcare to a specified population. The variation in population coverage based on geography (plains versus hilly, tribal, or backward areas) accounts for differences in accessibility and healthcare needs.

## **Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
- **Option A: 10,000**: This is incorrect because it exceeds the recommended population coverage for a subcentre, which is specifically designed to serve a smaller population.
- **Option B: 30,000**: This is also incorrect for similar reasons as option A; it is far beyond the recommended population for a subcentre.
- **Option D: 1,000**: This is incorrect because it is below the recommended population coverage for a subcentre, which is designed to serve a larger population.

## **Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that subcentres are essential for providing primary healthcare services, including maternal and child health services, immunization, and basic medical care. The population norms help in planning and ensuring equitable distribution of healthcare resources.

## **Correct Answer: C. 5,000 in plains and 3,000 in hilly, tribal, or backward areas.**