A 55-year-old obese woman complains of declining visual acuity. Funduscopic examination shows peripheral retinal microaneurysms. Urinalysis reveals 3+ proteinuria and 3+ glucosuria. Serum albumin is 3 g/dL, and serum cholesterol is 350 mg/dL. These clinicopathologic findings are best explained by which of the following mechanisms of disease?

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