A mastectomy with axillary lymph node dissection leads to disruption and obstruction of lymphatics in the axilla. Such obstruction to lymph flow gives rise to lymphedema, a condition that can be complicated by cellulitis. Arterial thrombosis produces ischemia distal to the obstruction. Thrombophlebitis from venous stasis is a complication seen more commonly in the lower extremities. Arterial thrombosis can lead to a cold, blue, painful extremity. Tumor emboli are generally small but uncommon. Vasculitis is not a surgical complication.