A 12- year -old boy is referred for evaluation of nocturnal enuresis and sho stature. The blood pressure is normal. The blood urea is 112 mg/dl, creatinine 6 mg/d1, sodium 119 mEq/1, potassium 4 mEq/1, calcium 7mg/d1, phosphate 6mg/dl and alkaline phosphatase 400 U/l.Urinalysis shows trace proteinuria with hyaline casts; no red and white cells are seen. Ultrasound shows bilateral small kidneys and the micturating cystourethrogram is normal. The most likely diagnosis is:
Correct Answer: Chronic glomerulonephritis
Description: Answer is C (Unilateral renal dysplasia): The multicystic dysplastic kidney is the commonest form of congenital cystic renal dysplasia, and is due to complete uretric obstruction in fetal life. The condition is usually unilateral; bilateral disease is lethal. Cystic diseases of kidney in infants Dysplastic kidney (multicystic) Polycystic kidney (Autosomal Recessive; Autosomal dominant) Multilocular cystic nephroma Renal dvsplasia. Multicvstic kidney: 'It is the commonest cause of renal mass in infants'
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