A. i.e. (Cochlear implant) (125- Maqbool 11th) (121- Dhingra 4th)COCHLEAR IMPLANT - is indicated in patients with bilateral severe sensorineural deafness who do not respond to amplified sound stimuli* Cochlear implants are more useful in post lingually deaf patients i.e. who lost their hearing after acquisition of language* Stapedectomy with prosthesis replacement is the treatment of choice for otosclerosis*** Pathway for extension of the infection from meninges to labyrinth - Cochlear aqueduct*** **Cochlear implants electrodes are most commonly placed at cochlea to directly stimulate the fibre of VIII. nerve