10 year old boy with gross hematuria, loin pain, diarrhoea urine examination is normal. Serum C3 levels are normal diagnosis is ?
Correct Answer: Berger's disease
Description: Ans. is 'a' i.e., Berger's disease PSGN Abrupt onset of hematuria, oliguria, edema & hypeension. Following infection by group A beta hemolytic streptococci. Throat strain 4 & 12, skin strain-49 Granular deposition of IgG & C3 level. C3 level is decrease Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia Also known as HUS (Hemolytic uremic syndrome) Acute diarrhoea or dysentry followed by sudden onset of pallor, oliguria, seizure, alterred sensorium Microscopic hematuria, mild proteinuria, thrombocytopenia IgA Nephropathy ( Berger Nephropathy) A nephropathy is the most common chronic glomerular disease worldwide. It is characterized by a predominance of IgA within mesangial deposits of the glomerulus in the absence of systemic diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or Henoch-SchOnlein purpura. Focal and segmental mesangial proliferation and increased mesangial matrix are seen in the glomerulus. Some children display generalized mesangial proliferation that may be associated with crescent formation and scarring. IgA is the predominant immunoglobulin deposited in the mesangium IgA nephropathy is seen more often in males than in females. Gross hematuria often occurs in association with an upper respiratory or gastrointestinal infection and may be associated with loin pain. Mild to moderate hypeension is most often seen in patients with nephritic or nephrotic syndrome but is rarely severe enough to result in hypeensive emergencies. Normal serum levels of C3 in IgA nephropathy help to distinguish this disorder from poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis.
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Pediatrics
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