Transitional cell carcinoma bladder caused by
Correct Answer: Schistosomiasis
Description: Risk factors for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder -
1. Smoking → Major etiological factor.
2. Occupational exposure to chemicals → Nephthylamine benzidine, aniline dyes, acrolein.
3. Schistosoma haematobium (Bilharziasis) → It is a risk factor for both TCC & SCC.
4. Drugs → Phenacetin
5. Cyclophosphamide therapy
6. Pelvic irradiation
Category:
Pathology
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