Apoptosis does not occur by normal capsase pathway in?
Correct Answer: Neurons
Description: ANSWER: (C) NeuronsREF: Acute Neuronal Injury: The Role of Excitotoxic Programmed Cell Death Mechanisms edited by Denson G. Fujikawp: 138Neurons use apoptosis inducing factor located in the space between the mitochondrial membranes and don't use caspase for apoptosis.[?] AIF breaks neuronal DNA.[?] AIF is induced by HSP-70[?] It also acts as an NADH oxidaseApoptosis Inducing Factor (AIF) is a protein that triggers chromatin condensation and DNA degradation in a cell in order to induce programmed cell death. The mitochondrial AIF protein was found to be a caspase-independent death effector that can allow independent nuclei to undergo apoptotic changes.The process triggering apoptosis starts when the mitochondrion releases AIF, which exits through the mitochondrial membrane, enters the cytosol, and finally ends up in the cell nucleus where it signals the cell to condense its chromosomes and fragment its DNA molecules in order to prepare for cell death. Recently, researchers have discovered that AIF is in fact dependent upon the type of cell, the apoptotic insult, and its DNA binding ability. AIF also plays a significant role in the mitochondrial respiratory chain as well as in metabolic redox reaction
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