Which of the following gene defect is associated with the development of medullary carcinoma of thyroid-
Correct Answer: RET Proto Oncogene
Description: Thyroid carcinoma
The major types of carcinoma and their relative frequency:-
Papillary carcinoma → 75% to 85% (most common)
Medullary carcinoma → 5%
Follicular carcinoma → 10% to 20%
Anaplastic carcinoma → < 5%
Most thyroid carcinomas are derived from the follicular epithelium , except for medullary carcinoma which is derived from the parafallicular or 'C' cells .
Genetic factors in different thyroid carcinoma
Papillary → Tyrosine kinase receptors RET or NTR K1
RAS mutation
BRAF oncogene
Follicular → RAS oncogene (NRAS, HRAS and KRAS)
PAX8- PPARr 1 translocation
Medullary → RET proto oncogene.
Familial medullary cancers account for most inherited cases of thyroid cancer.
Familial nonmedullary thyroid cancers (papillary and follicular) are very rare.
Category:
Pathology
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