Hepatitis C virus high efficacy testing in blood bank is by:
Correct Answer: NS3
Description: Ans.C.NS3ExplanationHepatitis C virus: Most common cause of Post-transfusion hepatitis in developing countries.Morphology: +ve sense ssRNA and proteins (3 structural proteins like core protein, El and E2 glycoproteins; 6 non-structural proteins like NS1, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, NS5B).Genetic diversity:Higher rate of mutation seen in E2 envelope protein >NS5B.E2 is target against most neutralizing antibodies, genetic diversity of E2 results in mutant strains escaping body's immunity.HCV genotypes:Genotype 1 is most common type worldwideGenotype 4 seen in EgyptGenotype 5 seen in South AfricaGenotype 6 seen in Hong KongGenotype 1 and 3 common in India.Transmission:Parenteral (blood transfusion, blood products, organ transplantation, injection drug users, contaminated needles and sharps)Vertical (from mother to fetus < lower rate (6%) than HBV (20%)Sexual (rare)It doesn't spread by breast feeding/food/casual contacts of hugging, shaking hands.Extrahepatic: mixed cryoglobulinemia, arthritis, glomerulonephritis.Epidemiology:Worldwide infections every year 3-4 million people, are infected with HCV with more than 3.5 lakhs deaths.Prevalence rate: India (1%)Africa (10%) > South America, Asia > World (3%).Laboratory diagnosis.Serum antibody detectionAntigen detection* Anti-HCV antibodies are detected by Third- generation ELISAs using Core antigens, NS3, NS4, NS5 to detect anti-HCV antibodies* Hepatitis C virus RNA is most sensitive and gold standard test.* Acute diagnosis: Anti-HCV (C33c, C22-3, NS5) are detected.* Branched-chain DNA (bDNA) assay* Chronic diagnosis: Anti-HCV (C100-3, C33c, C22-3, NS5) are elevated.a.-Reverse transcriptase PCRb.-Real time RTPCRc.-Transcription mediated Amplification (TMA).Treatment:Combined therapy with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin.Start treatment within 2-3 months after onset of disease and continued till 24 weeks.
Category:
Microbiology
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now