All the following are angiogenic factors EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: IFN
Description: ANSWER: (C) IFNREF: Wintrobes Clinical Hematology 11th ed Table 22.1 "IFN-a, -ft; IL-4, -12, -18 are inhibitors of angiogenesis"ACTIVATORS OF ANGIOGENESIS:ActivatorsFunctionVEGF, VEGF-C, P1GF, and homologsStimulate angiogenesis, permeability'; stimulate lymphangiogenesis, pathologic angiogenesis.VEGFRVEGFR-2: angiogenic signaling; VEGFR-3: (lymph) angiogenic signaling.Angl and Tie2 receptorAngl: stabilizes vessels, inhibits permeability.Platelet-derived growth factor-BB and receptorsRecruit smooth muscle cells.TGF-fi 1, endoglin, TGF-ss receptorsStabilize vessels by stimulating ECM production.Fibroblast growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1Stimulate angiogenesis, stimulate arteriogenesis.Integrins a Vss 3, aVss 5MMP receptors.VE-cadherin, platelet-EC adhesion moleculeEC junctional molecules, promote EC survival.EphrinsRegulate arterial/Venous specifications.Plasminogen activators, MMPsCell migration and matrix remodeling; liberate bFGFA/EFG from ECM; activate TGF-ss 1; generate angiostatin.Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1Stabilizes nascent vessels (prevents ECM dissolution)Nitric oxide synthase, cydooxygenase-2Nitric oxide/prostaglandins stimulate angiogenesis and vaso dilation.AC 133Angioblast differentiation.INHIBITORS OF ANGIOGENESIS:InhibitorsFunctionVEGFR-1, soluble VEGFR-1, and NP-1Sink for VEGF, VEGF-B, P1GF (VEGFR-1), and VEGFR 165 (NP-1)Ang2Angl antagonist; induces vessel regression in absence of angiogenic signalsTSP-1ECM proteins; inhibits EC migration, growth, and adhesionTSP-2Inhibits angiogenesisMeth-1, Meth-2Contain metalloprotease, thrombospondin, and disintegrin domainsAngiostatin and related plasminogen kringlesInhibit EC survival and migrationEndostatinInhibits EC survival and migrationVasostatin, calreticulinInhibit EC growthPlatelet factor-4Heparin-binding molecule; inhibits binding of bFGF and VEGFTissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, MMP inhibitorsSuppress pathologic angiogenesisProteolytic fragment of MMPInhibits binding of MMP2 to a Vss 3IFN-a, -ss; IL-4, -12, -18Inhibit EC migration, IFN-adown-regulates bFGFProthrombin kringle 2 antithrombin fragmentSuppresses EC growthProlactin fragment; secreted protein {acidic and rich in cysteine) fragmentInhibits bFGF and VEGF; inhibitsEC binding and activity of VEGF(NOTE: Ang, angiopoietin; bFGF, b-fibroblast growth factor; EC. endothelial cells; ECM, extracellular matrix; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; Meth, metalloproteinase and thrombospondin; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; NP. neuropilin; P1GF, placental growth factor; TGF, transforming growth factor; TSP, thrombospondin; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor)
Category:
Pathology
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now