Transitional cell carcinoma of bladder is associated with -a) Schistosomiasisb) Naphthylaminec) Smokingd) Tuberculosis of bladder
Correct Answer: abc
Description: Risk factors for Transitional cell ca of Bladder
Cigarette smoking - is the main etiological factor and accounts for about 50% of bladder cancers.
Occupational exposures to chemicals
the following compounds may be carcinogenic
2 naphthylamine - combustion gases and soot from coal
4-aminobiphenyl - chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons
4-nitrobiphenyl - certain aldehydes such as acrolein
4-4-diaminobiphenyl (benzidine) - aniline dyes
2-ami-l-naphthol
Occupation reported to be associated with increased risk of bladder cancer
autoworkers - metal workers
painters - textile worker
truck drivers - dye workers
drill press operator - petrol workers
leather workers - rodent exterminators & sevage workers leather workers
Schistosoma haemotobium - it's a risk factor for both transitional cell ca & squamous cell ca.
Drugs such as phenacetin & chlornaphazine
Cyclophosphamide therapy
Pelvic irradiation
Vitamin A supplements appear to be protective.
Category:
Surgery
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