Major transgene to achieve angiogenesis in cardiac muscles utilizes?
Correct Answer: VGEF
Description: Ans. A. VGEF. (Ref. H-17th/pg. 423)Harrison's medicine 17th/pg, 423.............."The major transgene used has been VEGF, attractive because of its specifici-ty for endothelial cells; other transgenes have included fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1, ? subunit (HIF- 1?). "Gene transfer can be for:A. Genetic disease, B. Cancer, C. Cardiovascular diseases, D. OthersGENE TRANSFER FOR GENETIC DISEASE# most commonly involves transfer of the missing gene to a physiologically relevant target cell. However, other strategies are possible, including supplying a gene that achieves a similar biologic effect through an alternative pathway (e.g., factor Vila for hemophilia A);# supplying an antisense oligonucleotide to splice out a mutant exon if the sequence is not critical to the function of the protein (as has been done with the dystrophin gene in Duchenne muscu-lar dystrophy); or downregulating a harmful response through an siRNA.# Two distinct strategies are used to achieve long-term gene expression: one is to transduce stem cells with an integrating vector, so that all progeny cells will carry the donated gene; the other is to transduce long-lived cells, such as skeletal muscle or neural cells.GENE THERAPY STRATEGIES IN CANCER# Local/regional approaches: Suicide gene/prodrug, Suppressor oncogene, Oncolytic virus# Systemic response: Chemoprotection, Immunomodulation, Anti-angiogenesisTHERAPY FOR VASCULAR DISEASE# The third major category addressed by gene transfer studies is cardiovascular disease.# The most extensive experience has been in trials designed to increase blood flow to either skeletal (critical limb ischemia) or cardiac muscle (angina/myocardial ischemia).# The major transgene used has been VEGF, attractive because of its specificity for endothelial cells; other transgenes have included fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1, ? subunit (HIF- 1?).# Continuing areas of investigation include choice of the optimal vector (adeno virs vs. plasmid), the optimal transgene (VEGF, HIF-1?, FGF, etc.), the optimal method of delivery in cardiac indications (intracoronary vs. direct myocardial), ideal objective end- points, and whether concurrent administration of cytokines to mobilize endothelial progenitor cells will augment the therapeutic effect.OTHER DISEASES# Other areas of interest include gene therapies for HIV and for neurodegenerative disorders.# Parkinson's disease.# In Alzheimer's disease, an ex vivo approach in which autologous fibroblasts are transduced with a retroviral vector expressing nerve growth factor, then reimplanted into the basal forebrain.
Category:
Medicine
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now