Acetyl CoA is generated primarily in mitochondria. However, fatty acid synthesis from acetyl CoA occurs extramitochondrial (in the cytosol). By which one of the following mechanisms does acetyl CoA leave the mitochondrion and enter the cytosol?
Correct Answer: Acetyl CoA condenses with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which is transpoed into the cytosol where it is cleaved to generate acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate in an ATP-dependent reaction
Description: Carnitine transfers fatty acids from cytosolic fatty acyl CoA to form mitochondrial fatty acyl CoA. The conversion of acetyl CoA to malonyl CoA occurs in the cytosol. Coenzyme A cannot pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane. Acetoacetyl CoA has to be conveed to HMG CoA before it is conveed to acetoacetate. Ref: Botham K.M., Mayes P.A. (2011). Chapter 23. Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids & Eicosanoids. In D.A. Bender, K.M. Botham, P.A. Weil, P.J. Kennelly, R.K. Murray, V.W. Rodwell (Eds), Harper's Illustrated Biochemistry, 29e.
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