In early gastric carcinoma malignancy is confined to
Correct Answer: Mucosa and submucosa
Description: Reference Robbins p771-772 Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a cancer that develops from the lining of the stomach. Early symptoms may include heaburn, upper abdominal pain, nausea and loss of appetite. Later signs and symptoms may include weight loss, yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes, vomiting, difficulty swallowing and blood in the stool among others. The cancer may spread from the stomach to other pas of the body, paicularly the liver, lungs, bones, lining of the abdomenand lymph nodes The most common cause is infection by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which accounts for more than 60% of cases. Ceain types of H. pylorihave greater risks than others. Smoking, dietary factors such as pickled vegetablesand obesity are other risk factors.About 10% of cases run in families, and between 1% and 3% of cases are due to genetic syndromes inherited from a person's parents such as hereditary diffuse gastric cancer. Most cases of stomach cancers are gastric carcinomas. This type can be divided into a number of subtypes. Lymphomas and mesenchymal tumors may also develop in the stomach.Most of the time, stomach cancer develops in stages over years. Diagnosis is usually by biopsy done during endoscopy. This is followed by medical imaging to determine if the disease has spread to other pas of the body
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