True about glutamate dehydrogenase –
Correct Answer: It is used as a marker to assess drug safety
Description: Ans. is 'd' i.e., It is used as a marker to assess drug safety* Glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) catalyses the conversion of glutamate, NAD and water to form a ketoglutarate, ammonia and NADHGlutamate + H20 + NAD----------a ketoglutarate + NH3 + NADH GLDH * Though it catalyses a reversible chemical reaction, as GLDH has reduced affinity for ammonia, the forward reaction is more favoured i.e., formation of a ketoglutarate and ammonia is more favoured. Hence GLDH is found to have an important role in urea cycle. As the formed ammonia then gets into urea cycle in liver and is converted to urea.* Like the first two enzymes of urea cycle (CPSI and OTC ), GLDH is also present in mitochondrial matrix. Hence GLDH is considered as a marker enzyme for mitochondrial matrix.* As it is a mitochondrial enzyme, levels of GLDH do not raise following generalised inflammatory conditions of liver like viral hepatitis. It is found to increase only following necrotic damage to liver parenchymal cells (Unlike AST and ALT, levels of which get elevated even in acute hepatitis). Hence GLDH levels are estimated to differentiate acute inflammatory liver damage from toxic necrotic liver disorders. In other words, GLDH is used to check safety of drugs.* GLDH is subjected to covalent modification by ADP ribosylation. It is activated by ADP ribosylation in starvation and low glucose levels, so that a ketoglutarate is generated, a ketoglutarate can get into citric acid cycle.
Category:
Biochemistry
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